Firearm



Patented Nov. 6, 1945 masas- FIREARM Hans Erik YlEklund, .Malmo, Sweden,'assignor to Aktiebolaget J. C. Ljungman, Malmo, Sweden,

a corporation of Sweden Application September 17, 1943, Serial No. '502,806 In Sweden September 12, 1942 4 Claims.

The invention refers to an-arrangement in automatic or semi-automatic rearms with a barrel provided with a gas outtake, 'wherein a breech block and a-movable member adapted to actuate said "breech block directly form a loading mechanism, to which the driving gases are conveyed from said gas ou-ttake ofsaid barrel through a pipe conduit or the like, -and wherein the opposite ends of said pipe conduit and of said movable member of -the vloading mechanism are formed into a working cylinder-and into a driving piston cooperating'therewith and having a rectilinear path for said movable member of the loading mechanism.

The present'invention has for its object to bring .about asimplication and improvement of the vweapons of a similartype as rhitherto known.

Other objects'and advantages of the invention Vwill appear'as the following description is read y Y in connection with theaccompanying drawing.

Inzthe drawing:

Fig. lis fa vertical longitudinal section of a portion of a .small rearm vin-accordance with the invention. Included inthe drawing are-only thoseparts whicharenecessary to elucidate the invention.

Fig. 2 .isa portion of the Amembers according to Fig. 1 in separated'position.

Fig. v3 lis a modification of the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2r.

Figs.' 4 and 5 represent details pertaining to the embodiments according to Figs. land 3 respectively, but viewed herefrom above vrelatively to `the former figures.

In the drawing, I designates the gunstock of the rearm, 2 the barrel, 3 the cartridge chamlber, 4 the bore, 5 the `mechanism casing of the rearm, 6 the cartridge magazine, l the-breech block, 8 the movable member adapted to actuate the .breech block, said movablemember 8 being constituted here by the so-called lock piece consisting of a locking meansfor the breech block when the arm is prepared for firing. 9 denotes the .firing pin' which is slidably vmounted in the breech block '1. The pipe conduit Ill constitutes the passage adapted'to convey the powder gases from the barrel to the loading mechanism.

According to Figs, 1 and 2, the pipe conduit Ill opens at one end thereof at the loading mechanism and particularly into the mechanism casing which is here formed into a rigid cylinder I I, while the lock p'iece 8 is formed at its end directed towards the pipe conduit I Il into a movable piston I2 cooperating with the cylinder I I and adapted to be operated by the powder gases. Fig.

`position shown in Fig. `1. nism, which has been here only indicated Ywith 1 showsthe piston I2 `and the cylinder II telescoped into each other, and .'Fig. 2 shows these members separated in partat least. The pipe conduit Illis hereadapted to be displaced inits longitudinal direction within the casing/5.

Aftera shot has been fired, the powder gases act upon the piston I2fand throw the lo'ckfpiece 8 Iback to the right in vFig. 1, the lockpiece 8-then entrainingthe'breech block I lwhich latter entrains the `cartridge case which 'is ejected. At the sametime another `cartridge will be `fed up fromthe magazineifand when the lock piece 8 then by aid of the `spring lreturns -forwardly, it again-brings the :breech block 'I along with it, the breech block 'I being thus caused to move the cartridge in a known manner into the cartridge chamber 3 while'being itself lockedby the lock piece 8 ywhen-the-latter has reached its eX- treme position of Yadvancement 4thatis to say the The loading mecharespect to its action, is not entirely illustrated in the drawing, in the rst place because it is previously `known and, secondly, does not in itself form any object of this invention.

Fig. 3, in difference from Figs. 1 and 2, illustrates the pipe conduit IU as opening into the casing 5, but with the end portion ofthe pipe conduit Ill formed into a rigid piston I3 cooperating with the end portion of the lock piece 8 taking the form of a movable'cylinder M. In spite of thisreversal of the conditionsthe eect is obviously the same. In Fig. 3 the casing is furthermore provided, round the end portion of the piston I3, with an annular groove I5, which in order to provide a more elective closure between the piston I3 and the cylinder I4 is adapted to receive atleast a portionof the end of the cylinder lli directed toward the pipe conduit I0.

Fig. 4 shows the arrangement according to Figs 1 and 2 as -vieWed from above, and Fig. 5 shows the arrangements according to Fig. 3 as viewed in a similarway. In Fig-4 the end surface .I6 of the piston I2 and the'edge portion Il of the cylinder are bevelled off obliquely, whereby the powder gases will, at the movement of the piston I2 from the cylinder II, obtain a rst outlet upwardly in Fig. 4, before the hollow of the whole cylinder is uncovered to deflect the powder gases. Hereby facilities are provided to lead the powder gases in a certain direction, so that they will not interfere with the possibility of the marksman to see the breech sight. Fig. 5 shows a modification of the bevelled portion I9 which here only comprises a portion of the edge of the cylinder.

The gas outake from the barrel 2 is of a known type. It comprises in Fig. 1 a member I9 surrounding the barrel 2 and being connected to the barrel 2 by shrinking. The pipe conduit I0 is screwed with its end into the member I9 and a channel 20 in the barrel 2 and in the member I9 connects the bore 4 with the pipe conduit I0.

The piston I2 and the cylinder I4 may be in one piece with the movable member 8 or they may be of separate parts, which are shrunk or screwed together.

According to the invention the stroke of the movable member 8 is of a greater length than the length of the piston and the cylinder when they are telescoped together whereby on bringing them apart they uncover between them a direct outlet to the atmosphere for the driving powder gases.

From the foregoing it will be evident that with a rearm according to the invention the movable member 8 will be propelled from the end of the pipe conduit I as a ball from a Weapon, that the pressure from the powder gases acts on the movable member 8 a short distance only of the stroke of said member 8, and that the smoke from the powder gases does not disturb the marksman.

The invention is susceptible of various changes in its form, proportions and minor details of construction and the right is herein reserved to make such changes as properly fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having described the invention, what I claim 1. A firearm including a barrel having an outtake for the powder gases, a loading mechanism comprising a breech block and a movable member having a rectilinear path and being adapted directly to actuate said breech block, and a pipe conduit leading from said gas outtake on the barrel of said movable member of the loading mechanism, the opposed ends of said pipe conduit and of said movable member of the loading mechanism being formed into a Working cylinder and a driving piston cooperating therewith, the end a portion of one of the opposed end surfaces of surface of said driving piston facing said working cylinder being provided with a bevelled portion in order to convey the escaping driving gases therethrough in a predetermined direction, said working cylinder and said driving piston being of such a small length relatively to each other that that one of them which is movable with the movable member of the loading mechanism leaves the other behind it on having performed a portion of its stroke thereby uncovering a direct outlet to the atmosphere for the driving powder gases.

2. A rearm including a barrel having an outtake for the powder gases, a loading mechanism comprising a breech block and a movable member having a rectilinear path and being adapted directly to actuate said breech block, and a pipe conduit leading from said gas outtake on the barrel to said movable member of the loading mechanism, the opposed ends of said pipe conduit and said pipe conduit and said movable member being provided with a bevelled portion in order to convey the escaping driving gases therethrough in a predetermined direction, said Working cylinder and said driving piston being of'such a small length relatively to each other that that one of them which is movable with the movable member of the loading mechanism leaves the other behind it on having performed a portion of its stroke thereby uncovering a direct outlet to the atmosphere for the driving powder gases.

3. A rearm including a barrel having an outtake for the powder gases, a loading mechanism comprising a breech block and a movable member having a rectilinear path and being adapted directly to actuate said breech block, and a pipe conduit leading from shaid gas outtake on the barrel to said movable member of the loading mechanism, the opposed ends of said pipe conduit and of said movable member of the loading mechanism being formed into a working cylinder and a driving piston cooperating therewith, at least a portion of one of the opposed end surfaces of said pipe conduit and said movable member being provided with a cut-away portion for conveying the escaping driving gases therethrough in a predetermined direction, said working cylinder and said driving piston being of such small length relatively to each other that that one of them which is movable with the movable member of the loading mechanism leaves the other behind it on having performed Va portion of its stroke thereby uncovering a direct outlet to the atmosphere for the driving powder gases.

4. A firearm including a barrel having an outtake for the powder gases, a loading mechanism comprising a breech block and a movable meinber having a rectilinear path and being adapted directly to actuate said breech block, and a pipe conduit leading from said gas outtake on the barrel to said movable member of the loading mechanism, the opposed ends of said pipe conduit and of said movable member of the loading mechanism being formed into a working cylinder and a driving piston cooperating therewith, said working cylinder and said driving piston being of such a small length relatively to each other that that one of them which is movable with the movable member of the loading mechanism leaves the other behind it on having performed a portion of its stroke, the opposed ends of said working cylinder and said driving piston forming guide faces constructed and arranged to conduct the driving powder gases out from said Working cylinder directly to the atmosphere in a predetermined direction, said pipe conduit with its end opposed to said movable member of the loading mechanism being located at the rear end of said barrel, the inside diameter of said working cylinder being larger than the inside diameter of said pipe conduit.

HANS ERIK EKLUND. 

